Pongal is celebrated in countries like India and marks the beginning of the sun's six-month northward journey (Uttarayana).

This auspicious occasion, observed annually around January 14, signifies the sun's transition into Capricorn (Makara Rashi) and holds great cultural and spiritual importance.

Is Pongal a Public Holiday?

Pongal is an optional holiday in India. Employment and holiday laws allow individuals to select from a list of optional holidays. While some employees may choose to take the day off, most offices and businesses remain operational. However, schools and colleges in South and Central India often remain closed during Pongal.

What Do People Do?

Pongal is celebrated over four days, each with distinct rituals and traditions.

Day 1: Bhogi

Old household items are burned and replaced with new ones to symbolize a fresh start. This day marks the beginning of a new cycle.

Day 2: Perum (Surya Pongal)

This is the most important day, dedicated to worshipping the sun-god, Lord Surya. Prayers are offered, new clothes are worn, and homes are decorated with Kolam, intricate designs made using rice flour and red clay.

Day 3: Mattu Pongal

Cattle-are-worshipped on this day as they are believed to contribute to a good harvest. Cows and bulls are adorned and honored with rituals.

Day 4: Kanum Pongal

Families and friends celebrate this day by going on picnics, exchanging gifts, and enjoying cultural activities like dancing and bull-taming contests.

Public Life During Pongal

Pongal is not a gazetted holiday across the nation but is a spiritual holiday in South and Central India. Businesses related to agriculture often remain closed. Educational institutions in these regions typically observe a four-day holiday.

Background of Pongal

Pongal is linked to various legends, with two popular ones standing out:

The Legend of Govardhan Mountain

On Bhogi, Lord Krishna lifted the Govardhan Mountain on his little finger to protect-cattle and people from the wrath of Indra, the rain-god.

The Legend of Lord Shiva and Nandi

Dear Lykkers! According to this legend, Nandi the bull mistakenly conveyed Lord Shiva's instructions, leading to his punishment of staying on Earth to assist humans in agricultural work. This story emphasizes the importance of harvest, making Pongal a harvest festival.

Regional Names of Pongal

Pongal is known by various names in different regions, such as:

Makar Sankranti

Lohri

Bihu

Hadaga

Poki

While the essence remains the same, regional celebrations vary slightly.

Symbols of Pongal

Several symbols represent Pongal, reflecting its agricultural significance:

The Sun

The Chariot

Wheat Grains

The Sickle

Kolam

The chariot symbolizes the sun-god's movement around the Earth, while other symbols emphasize the connection between nature, harvest, and human sustenance.

Pongal is not just a festival; it is a profound expression of gratitude for the harvest, a celebration of cultural traditions, and a time for families and communities to come together in joy and-thanksgiving.