Cornflower, is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is native to Europe but has been widely distributed around the world. Cornflowers are perennial plants with charming light blue or white petals that are small and delicate, usually growing on dwarf stems.

The flowers of cornflowers typically measure about 2-3 cm in diameter and consist of numerous tongue-shaped petals surrounding a yellow flower center.

In addition to the traditional light blue color, variants with white, pink, and other hues can also be found. The leaves of cornflowers are oval-shaped with serrated edges, and they have a smooth and glossy texture.

Cornflowers are highly popular in gardening and are frequently used as decorative plants in flower beds, gardens, and lawns. They have an extended flowering period, usually spanning from spring to autumn.

Given favorable growing conditions, cornflowers can reproduce rapidly, forming dense clusters of flowers that create a magnificent floral display.

Cornflowers are known for their cold resistance, tolerating various climates, and demonstrating strong adaptability.

They can thrive in full sun but also survive in partial shade. With a shallow root system, cornflowers are not demanding when it comes to soil conditions, as long as proper drainage is ensured. However, they do prefer fertile soil.

Beyond their ornamental value, cornflowers have a range of herbal uses. Their leaves and flowers contain active substances such as volatile oils, flavonoids, and vitamin C, which possess anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and analgesic properties.

Traditionally, cornflowers have been employed to treat digestive issues, coughs, colds, and inflammation.

Cultivating cornflowers is relatively straightforward. They are primarily propagated through sowing. Typically, seeds are collected in autumn and then sown in both spring and autumn.

Seeds sown in autumn will bloom in the following spring, while those sown in spring can bloom in autumn. If cultivated in a greenhouse, cornflowers can bloom as early as during the Spring Festival by implementing measures to enhance light and heat.

Sowing should be done in a moist sandy soil bed, covering the seeds with soil to the extent that they are not visible.

Slightly compact the soil, cover it with grass, provide sufficient watering to keep the soil moist, remove the grass after germination, and transplant the seedlings when they have grown four or more small leaves.

During cultivation, it is essential to pay attention to watering and fertilization.

Cornflowers prefer moist soil but are susceptible to waterlogging, so watering should be controlled to avoid stagnant water. Applying organic fertilizer appropriately can promote plant growth and flower development.

Cornflowers are considered long-day plants that thrive in warm environments with ample sunlight. During winter, they should be protected indoors, maintaining temperatures above 10°C and preferably not lower than 5°C.

To encourage early blooming, supplemental lighting with plant lights is necessary due to the shorter daylight hours in winter.

Cornflowers enjoy a warm and humid environment. The watering principle is to keep the soil neither too dry nor overly wet, ensuring thorough watering. In winter, the soil should be kept dry.

Cornflowers also appreciate fertile soil. Insufficient fertilizer can result in excessive foliage growth with minimal or no flowering. Hence, it is advisable to apply thin fertilizers frequently during the growing season.

Alternating between cake fertilizer water and potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every week to ten days yields the best results. When flower buds appear, fertilization should be discontinued to prevent root burn and bud drop.

Centaurea thrives when planted densely. However, after successful planting, it is beneficial to top and pinch the plants to stimulate branching. This practice encourages compact and robust growth, leading to more abundant blooming.

If larger flower diameters are desired, removing some side buds will ensure sufficient water and nutrient supply, resulting in larger flowers.

In summary, cornflowers are beautiful flowering plants with both ornamental and herbal uses. They boast small and delicate flowers, a long flowering period, and remarkable adaptability, making them a common choice for landscaping projects.

Moreover, their herbal properties have been utilized by many to address common health issues. Whether appreciated for their beauty or herbal benefits, cornflowers are beloved plants in various settings.